Precision Renal Function Testing With Our Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Kit

Clinical Chemistry Solution
Series	Product Name	Abbr
Renal Function	Urea	Urea
	Creatinine	Crea
	Uric Acid	UA
	β2-Microglobulin	β2-MG
	Cystatin C	Cys C
	Micro-Albumin Urine	MA
	Cerebro-Spinal Fluid/Urea Total Protein	CSF/U-TP
	Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin	NGAL
	α1-Microglobulin	α1-MG
	Retinol-Binding Protein	RBP
	N-Acetyl Glucosidase	NAG

Kidney is one of the most important organs of human body, its function is mainly secreted and excreted urine, waste, poison and drugs; Regulate and maintain body fluid volume and composition (water and osmotic pressure, electrolytes, pH); Maintain the balance of the body's internal environment (blood pressure, endocrine). Renal function tests included urea, creatinine, uric acid, β 2-microglobulin, cystatin C, urinary microalbumin, total protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipid carrier protein, α 1-microglobulin, retinol binding protein, n-acetyl-glucosidase, etc. Urea is the end product of protein and amino acid metabolism and is excreted mainly by the kidney. Urea content is usually obtained by measuring the amount of urea nitrogen, which is of significance to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of renal dysfunction. Creatinine is a low molecular weight human metabolite that normally passes through the glomerular filtration without being reabsorbed by the renal tubules. Therefore, blood and urine creatinine concentration is an effective indicator of glomerular filtration function, which can be used in the diagnosis of various types of chronic kidney disease and the monitoring of drug therapy, as well as the monitoring of renal dialysis. Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. Uric acid testing is used for a variety of nephrotic and metabolic diseases, including renal failure, gout, leukemia, psoriasis, hunger, or other wasting conditions, as well as for monitoring the diagnosis and treatment of patients receiving cytotoxic drugs. Uric acid is considered as a marker for diagnosing gout caused by purine metabolism disorder. The increase of β 2-microglobulin in serum may reflect whether the glomerular filtration function is impaired or the filtration load is increased, while the increase of β 2-microglobulin in urine may indicate the tubular damage or the filtration load is increased. In acute and chronic pyelonephritis, urinary β 2-microglobulin is increased due to renal damage, whereas in cystitis, β 2-microglobulin is normal. Cystatin C widely exists in nucleated cells and body fluids of various tissues. It is a low molecular weight, alkaline unglycosylated protein with a molecular weight of 13.3KD, composed of 122 amino acid residues, and can be produced by all nucleated cells in the body at a constant rate. Is a kind of endogenous markers to reflect the actual changes in glomerular filtration rate, and in the proximal convoluted tubule reuptake, but were completely after heavy absorption metabolism decomposition, do not return the blood, therefore, its blood concentration is determined by glomerular filtration rate, and not dependent on any external factors, such as gender, age, diet, is a kind of ideal endogenous markers to reflect the actual changes in glomerular filtration rate. The determination of microalbumin in urine reflects early nephropathy and renal injury，pathological increase in diabetic nephropathy, hypertension, preeclampsia pregnancy. At the early stage of urinary microalbumin is the early signal and omen of the occurrence of nephropathy. At this time, kidney damage is still in a reversible period. If timely treatment can be used, the development of nephropathy can be stopped or reversed. In the early diagnosis of acute renal injury (AKI), NGAL concentration in blood and urine usually increases rapidly, and 2h is the most obvious one (tens to hundreds of times higher than the critical value). Traditional indexes such as serum creatinine and urease usually increase significantly after 24-72h. Therefore, NGAL can be used for the early diagnosis of AKI. NGAL can also reflect the severity of renal function injury. It can be used as one of the prognostic indicators of AKI. α1-Microglobulin exists widely on the surface of cell membrane of various body fluids and lymphocytes. α1-Microglobulin exists in blood in two forms, i. e., free α1-Microglobulin and IgA bound α1-Microglobulin (α 1mg-1Ga). Under normal conditions, α 1mg-1Ga accounts for about 40-70% of the total α1-Microglobulin in blood, and the proportion between α1-Microglobulin and α 1mg-1Ga is affected by the level of immunoglobulin in blood. The free α1-Microglobulin in the blood can pass through the glomerular filtration membrane freely, and 95%-99% is reabsorbed and metabolized in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney, and only a small amount is discharged from the final urine. Retinol binding protein is a vitamin transporter in blood, which is synthesized by the liver and widely distributed in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and other body fluids. The determination of retinol binding protein can detect the functional damage of renal tubules early and reflect the degree of damage of proximal convoluted tubules sensitively, which can be used as an indicator of early renal function damage and monitoring treatment, as well as liver function damage and monitoring treatment. N-acetylglucosidase is an intracellular lysosomal enzyme, which exists in kidney, liver, spleen and brain, with the highest content in proximal convoluted tubules in kidney. The relative molecular weight of NAG is large and cannot be filtered by the glomerulus. When the kidney is damaged, it is released into the renal tubules from the cells, and the urine NAG is significantly increased. Urinary NAG activity is one of the sensitive and specific indicators for renal tubule lesions, which can be used as an early diagnostic indicator for renal tubule damage.

Renal Function Chemiluminescense Immunoassay Kit

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